VGAM::vglm Multinomial Learner
Examples
df <- mtcars
df$cyl <- as.factor(df$cyl)
lnr_multinomial_vglm(df, cyl ~ hp + mpg)(df)
#> Warning: 6 diagonal elements of the working weights variable 'wz' have been replaced by 1.819e-12
#> Warning: 8 diagonal elements of the working weights variable 'wz' have been replaced by 1.819e-12
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: 13 diagonal elements of the working weights variable 'wz' have been replaced by 1.819e-12
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: 19 diagonal elements of the working weights variable 'wz' have been replaced by 1.819e-12
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: 20 diagonal elements of the working weights variable 'wz' have been replaced by 1.819e-12
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: 22 diagonal elements of the working weights variable 'wz' have been replaced by 1.819e-12
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: 22 diagonal elements of the working weights variable 'wz' have been replaced by 1.819e-12
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: 22 diagonal elements of the working weights variable 'wz' have been replaced by 1.819e-12
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: 22 diagonal elements of the working weights variable 'wz' have been replaced by 1.819e-12
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: 22 diagonal elements of the working weights variable 'wz' have been replaced by 1.819e-12
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: 22 diagonal elements of the working weights variable 'wz' have been replaced by 1.819e-12
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: 22 diagonal elements of the working weights variable 'wz' have been replaced by 1.819e-12
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: iterations terminated because half-step sizes are very small
#> Warning: some quantities such as z, residuals, SEs may be inaccurate due to convergence at a half-step
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> [1] 0.8207630 0.8207630 0.9963843 0.6849419 0.8914861 0.9962009 1.0000000
#> [8] 0.9999998 0.9943654 0.9988847 0.9715516 0.9998795 0.9986678 0.9999951
#> [15] 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 0.9094081
#> [22] 0.9988749 0.9994949 1.0000000 0.6835611 1.0000000 0.9999940 0.9999998
#> [29] 1.0000000 0.6377564 1.0000000 0.3649949
lnr_multinomial_vglm(iris, Species ~ .)(iris)
#> Warning: 2 diagonal elements of the working weights variable 'wz' have been replaced by 1.819e-12
#> Warning: 13 diagonal elements of the working weights variable 'wz' have been replaced by 1.819e-12
#> Warning: 22 diagonal elements of the working weights variable 'wz' have been replaced by 1.819e-12
#> Warning: 34 diagonal elements of the working weights variable 'wz' have been replaced by 1.819e-12
#> Warning: 39 diagonal elements of the working weights variable 'wz' have been replaced by 1.819e-12
#> Warning: 41 diagonal elements of the working weights variable 'wz' have been replaced by 1.819e-12
#> Warning: 47 diagonal elements of the working weights variable 'wz' have been replaced by 1.819e-12
#> Warning: 50 diagonal elements of the working weights variable 'wz' have been replaced by 1.819e-12
#> Warning: 54 diagonal elements of the working weights variable 'wz' have been replaced by 1.819e-12
#> Warning: 59 diagonal elements of the working weights variable 'wz' have been replaced by 1.819e-12
#> Warning: 63 diagonal elements of the working weights variable 'wz' have been replaced by 1.819e-12
#> Warning: 78 diagonal elements of the working weights variable 'wz' have been replaced by 1.819e-12
#> Warning: 91 diagonal elements of the working weights variable 'wz' have been replaced by 1.819e-12
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: 96 diagonal elements of the working weights variable 'wz' have been replaced by 1.819e-12
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: 97 diagonal elements of the working weights variable 'wz' have been replaced by 1.819e-12
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: fitted probabilities numerically 0 or 1 occurred
#> Warning: fitted values close to 0 or 1
#> Warning: some quantities such as z, residuals, SEs may be inaccurate due to convergence at a half-step
#> [1] 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000
#> [8] 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000
#> [15] 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000
#> [22] 1.0000000 1.0000000 0.9999999 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000
#> [29] 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000
#> [36] 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 0.9999997
#> [43] 1.0000000 0.9999999 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000
#> [50] 1.0000000 0.9999883 0.9999514 0.9988014 0.9999578 0.9985915 0.9998981
#> [57] 0.9986943 1.0000000 0.9999854 0.9999852 1.0000000 0.9999626 0.9999999
#> [64] 0.9992011 1.0000000 0.9999972 0.9986740 1.0000000 0.9404018 0.9999999
#> [71] 0.5951619 0.9999997 0.7751662 0.9999598 0.9999986 0.9999929 0.9992876
#> [78] 0.7239383 0.9990348 0.9999998 0.9999999 1.0000000 0.9999999 0.1323701
#> [85] 0.9978308 0.9997870 0.9997020 0.9997449 0.9999992 0.9999889 0.9999603
#> [92] 0.9998404 0.9999996 1.0000000 0.9999850 0.9999997 0.9999969 0.9999977
#> [99] 0.9999997 0.9999977 1.0000000 0.9996139 0.9999990 0.9997188 0.9999999
#> [106] 1.0000000 0.8908123 0.9999955 0.9999921 1.0000000 0.9902584 0.9997429
#> [113] 0.9999800 0.9999673 0.9999999 0.9999952 0.9976994 0.9999999 1.0000000
#> [120] 0.9204923 0.9999996 0.9995130 1.0000000 0.9484339 0.9999824 0.9995586
#> [127] 0.8245440 0.8022990 0.9999992 0.9712013 0.9999969 0.9999189 0.9999999
#> [134] 0.2048741 0.9664047 1.0000000 0.9999999 0.9964973 0.6691425 0.9998717
#> [141] 1.0000000 0.9999440 0.9996139 1.0000000 1.0000000 0.9999932 0.9991067
#> [148] 0.9989939 0.9999956 0.9776789